UPDATE: While we wrote this piece years ago, the Bedminster Charter came back in the news on October 21, 2019, when it was announced that the Forbes family was donating the charter back to Bedminster Township. The story continues!
This tale of three Charters in New Jersey makes for a great “what happened” story. Let’s first talk about what a Charter is. A Charter is a document, typically signed by the King of England granting rights to a particular area of land to a prospective Governor (or overseer). We have Bedminster NJ, Bridgewater NJ, and Bernards Township (Bernardston) NJ that are of interest because it seems that all three monumental documents were destroyed by fire, never to be seen again…or were they?
Background
The Charter of Bernardson is a document authorizing the charter or foundation of Bernards Township on May 24, 1760. At that time, Bernards Township included the hamlets of Basking Ridge, Lyons, Liberty Corner, Bernardsville, Far Hills, and West Millington. The question is, where is the Charter today?
by Brooks Betz (2016).
Bernards Township and Bernardsville were overseen by New Jersey’s Royal Governor Francis Bernard who was appointed in 1758 as the Governor to oversee the territory. While in service for only about two years, in July 1760, Francis was transferred to become the Massachusetts Bay governor to oversee the monarchy and was the largest colony in New England and the mother colony of Massachusetts, Rhode Island Connecticut, and Maine. To the regret of the Loyalists, Governor Bernard was someone the Massachusetts Bay colonists would have rather had him go back to New Jersey.
Maybe it was something in the Massachusetts water because it was Governor Bernard who requested increasing British troops to the Boston area, prorogued the Colonial Assembly for refusing to vote supplies for their support, and so contributed to the volume of grievances that were just more reasons that led to the American revolution. After private letters were published about his intentions, tensions rose and Francis was requested by the monarchy in 1769 to return to England on August 1st making the agitated colonialists very happy.
Events Honor the Charter of Bernardston
Bernards Township celebrates Bernards Township Day of Community Service and Pride every May 24th honoring the official charter with events and activities at a grassroots level to showcase community pride and support to local businesses and non-profits.
Also, each year on the third Saturday of May, Bernards Township celebrates its history with a grand community-wide street fair and festival called simply Charter Day. The annual event has been held every year since 1995 celebrating the historic signing of the Charter by King George II to Francis Bernard on May 24, 1760. Bernardston joined Bedminster and Bridgewater who had been earlier chartered in 1749. Bernardston became the third and final unit of the government in the Northern Precinct of Somerset County.
Archives Transcript of the Original Charter of Bernardston
(aka Charter of Bernards Township, New Jersey)
Commissions Book in Trenton, NJ on pages 240-241
Patent for Bernardston Township
George the second by the grace of God of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King defender of the faith. To all to whom these presents shall come, Greeting know ye that we of our special grace certain knowledge and mere motion have given and granted and by theses presents do give and grant for us our heirs and successors to the habitants of the northerly part of Somerset County in our province of New Jersey within the following boundaries, to with, bounded northerly on Morris County, easterly by Essex County, southerly by Bridgewater Township and westerly by the Township of Bedminster to be and remain a perpetual township and community in word and in deed to be called none but the Township of Bernardston, saving to the Borough of Elizabeth their rights respecting town matters where the bounds of said borough encloses any part of the Township hereby erected except the assessing and levying of provincial taxes and we further grant to the said inhabitants of the Township aforesaid and their successors to choose annually a constable, overseers of the poor and overseers of the highways for the Township aforesaid, and to enjoy all the rights, liberties and immunities that any other township in our said province do or may of right enjoy and these inhabitants are hereby constituted and appointed in the manner aforesaid. To have, hold, and enjoy the privileges aforesaid to them and their successors forever, saving and excepting as aforesaid. In Testimony whereof we have caused these our letters to be made patent and the great seal of our said province of New Jersey to be hereunto affixed.
Witness our trusty and well beloved Francis Bernard, Esq., our captain general and governor in chief of our said province of New Jersey and territories thereon depending in America Chancellor and Vice Admiral in the same at our city of Perth Amboy in our said province the twenty-fourth day of May in the thirty third year of our reign and in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and sixty.
Total Words – 344 (348 including Title)
This is most likely what the original Bernardston Charter
looked like. Continue reading to find out why.
Rendering by Brooks Betz c.2016
1850 Fire Destroys the Bernardston Charter
According to various written statements, it seems that the Bernards Charter was destroyed when the Bernards Township Municipal Office (or the Town Clerk’s home) burned during a fire in 1850. The Township keeps meeting minutes going back only to 1851 (at Town Hall). The actual location of the Bernards Twp. The Town Clerk is still under investigation but is difficult to research since the Bernardsville News only goes back to 1897. But it is noted that back in that time, it was customary for Town Clerks to keep township records at home. The earliest recorded municipal meeting minutes that still exist in Bernards Township were signed by William R. Wilson, Clerk in 1851. The minutes show that the meeting took place somewhere in Liberty Corner. Further investigation is underway.
Somerset Quarterly 1916
Three Original Charters Destroyed by Separate Fires
A writer for the Somerset County Historical Quarterly in 1916 declared that three original charters including Bernardston, Bedminster, and Bridgewater were destroyed by fire.
The third Somerset township erected by Royal Patent was “Bernardston,” which was erected eleven years later (after Bridgewater and Bedminster), on May 24, 1760. These three townships, as thus constituted, comprised all the territory of the Northern Precinct, the Eastern and Western Precincts, as mentioned above, and continued to comprise the remaining territory of the county for many years.
Respecting Bernards the statement is made that “the records of the township itself are lacking for nearly a hundred years of its corporate existence, having been destroyed by fire at Basking Ridge in 1850.” He again argues correctly that Bernards Township must have been organized between 1758 and 1763, the former being the date on which Francis Bernard became Governor of the state, and the latter the first known mention of “Bernardston.” This appears in the Presbyterian Church of Basking Ridge’s record book, which was opened when Samuel Brown had left to the Trustees a legacy (see QUARTERLY, Vol. 2, p. 103).
It is unfortunate that these charters were kept with so little care and thus allowed to be destroyed. No official copy of either remains in the county. They were copied for me from the records in the office of the Secretary of State in Trenton.
Source: Page 256-257
However,, in the same publication, in 1918, comments were written that the Bedminster Charter did not, in fact, perish in a fire.
Bernards Township 250th Anniversary Committee Finds Oldest Charter Transcript
(But Not the Charter) Commissions Book in Trenton, NJ on pages 240-241
Bedminster Charter is Found (Not Burned)
Similar in its content dates April 4, 1749, the Bedminster charter was thought to have been destroyed in a fire at Township Clerk Aaron Longstreet’s Lamington home in 1845. But it actually turned up in a Hopewell, New Jersey antique store. There were also fires at the Somerset County Courthouse in 1737 and 1779 so those records were lost as well. The Associated Press reported in January 31, 1989, that the late Malcolm S. Forbes purchased the charter in 1989 from an antiques dealer, possibly H. (Harry) Kels Swan of South Bound Brook, for his personal collection. Mr. Swan was the Curator and President of the Swan Historical Foundation at the Washington Crossing State Park. After the purchase, the Charter was displayed in a climate-controlled case in the Forbes Offices on Route 206 in Bedminster, NJ.
Then Bedminster Mayor Joseph Cirona said the selling price for the charter was somewhere between $20,000 and $25,000, but the purchase price was not disclosed. Forbes Inc. of New York City placed the charter on temporary loan to Bedminster Township to display at the Clarence Dillon library for a limited period during the 250th Bedminster celebration in 1999.
England’s, King George II granted the royal charter creating Bedminster Township on April 4, 1749. It is one of only two extant New Jersey township charters issued during the reign of King George II; the other is in Stafford Township in Ocean County.
The Somerset County History Quarterly in 1918 reported:
“…the original charter of Bedminster township (a charter supposed to have been burned or lost), are in the possession of Mr. Justice Bergen, of Somerville, the President of the Somerset County Historical Society. The document is a Letters Patent attested by Gov. Jonathan Belcher, dated at Burlington, April 4, 1749, being the original charter from George II for the township of Bedminster. In Snell’s “Hist, of Hunt, and Som.” (p. 709), it is stated that “no positive evidence of the date of organization of the township [Bedminster] can be obtained, as the books and papers, together with the charter, were burned about 1845 in the fire that destroyed the residence of Aaron Longstreet, of Lamington, then township clerk.”
It is then added that, without doubt, the charter dates from “about the same time as that of the township of Bridgewater, which was in 1749.” But it seems that the original charter was not destroyed, but is in safekeeping. This charter is identical in language in its preamble and the attestation by Governor Belcher with the charter of the township of Bridgewater, printed in the historical work above mentioned (on p. 659), and is of the identical date with the charter of Bridgewater. (Somerset Historical Quarterly – 1918).
From its endorsement, this charter was recorded at Amboy in Book C, No. 2 of Commissions, p. 186, by Thomas Bartow, Secretary, and the fees were paid by John Broughton, Esq. These fees were, to the Secretary for the Patent, £3; fiat, £0.3; Governor’s fees for the seal, £1.
Forbes Office Fire in 1994 almost Burns Charter
Union Hook & Ladder and Martinsville departments, the Peapack- Gladstone, Pottersville, Bernardsville, and Chester volunteer fire companies all responded to a fire at the Forbes offices on Route 206 in Bedminster on Monday afternoon at 1:30 pm. According to Jack Reeves, chief of the Union Hook & Ladder volunteer fire company, the fire broke out in the center of the building’s basement and spread horizontally along beams and vertically along vents and pipes. Although there were some visible flames in the basement, he said, most of the fire smoldered behind walls and under floors. Six Companies Respond Reeves said it took approximately 70 volunteer firefighters from six area departments about two hours to bring the fire under control.
(Reported 12/7/1994 -Bville News)
Bedminster Considers Reclaiming Charter
Many people feel the historic Bedminster Charter belongs to the public and not it a private collection. In 1999, Bedminster Committeeman Norman Lapidus agreed with fellow Committeeman Don Cross that it would seem “ungrateful” of the township to try to obtain ownership of the charter through any means other than discussion and negotiation. In 1998 when the Forbes offices were sold to the Advance Group, the Charter was moved to New York City. Back in 1999, the 250th anniversary of the Charter of Bedminster, Lapidus suggested that township officials contact the Forbes family to see if they would consider donating the charter to the township. Another possibility, he said, would be collecting contributions from township residents to buy the charter at fair market value. A third possibility, committee members said, would be to ask the Forbes family to place the charter on permanent loan to the township. That way, they said, it could be kept on display for residents to enjoy but the Forbes family would have the right to reclaim it at any time. (Bernardsville News 6/10/1999). Nothing materialized.
The township’s original charter did come home for a visit during the municipality’s 250th-anniversary celebration. The charter was on exhibit at the Clarence Dillon-Public Library for a short duration starting on May 8, 1999. It has since been out of sight and back in possession with the Christoper “Kip” Forbes family, stuck in a warehouse in Long Island City, New York, with other Forbes collections.
THEN IT HAPPENED
On October 21, 2019, it was announced that the Forbes family donated the Bedminster Township original charter to the municipality, which dates back to 1749.
“Several months ago, I received a letter from Christopher Kip Forbes asking whether the township would have any interest in accepting a donation from the Forbes family in the form of the original 1749 charter,” said Mayor Larry Jacobs at a Bedminster Township Committee meeting. The rest is history!
The donation from SBKTM Holdings Inc. on behalf of the famed publishing family includes the Belcher, Jonathan, Royal Governor of New Jersey Bedminster Charter letters patent drafted on April 4, 1749, along with a display cabinet that was made by the Forbes family to house the document.
Charter of Bedminster April 4, 1749 Transcript:
April 4, 1749
George the Second by the Grace of God of Great Britain France and Ireland King Defender of the faith &c To all to whom these presents Shall come Greeting. know ye that we of our Especial Grace certain knowledge and mere motion have Given and Granted and by these presents do give and Grant for us our Heirs and successors to the inhabitants of the North Western part of the Northern Precinct of our county of Somerset in our Province of New Jersey within the following Boundaries (to wit) Beginning at the Mouth of a Brook known by the name of Chamber’s Brook from thence up the said Brook to Mc.Daniels [McDonald’s] Mill standing at the North West End of the first Mountain, from thence up a small Branch of said Brook to the Second Mountain and along by the West Corner of Jacob Brewer’s house, and from said House Running along a straight Line to the Mouth of Mine Brook where It Emptys itself into the North Branch of Rariton River, then up the said Branch to the line of Morris County from thence along the said Line to the falls of Laomatong, from thence down said Laomatong [Lamington] River as the Stream Runs until it meets the North Branch and down said North Branch to the Mouth of said Chamber’s Brook where it first began. To be and Remain a Perpetual Township and community in Word and in Deed to be Called and Known by the Name of the Township of Bedminster. And we further Grant to the said Inhabitants of the Township aforesaid and their Successors to choose Annually a Constable overseers of the Poor and overseers of the High ways for the Township aforesaid and to Enjoy all the Rights Liberties and Immunities that any other Township in our said Province do or may of Right Enjoy and the said Inhabitants are hereby Constituted and appointed a Township by the Name aforesaid. To have hold and enjoy the Privileges (sic) aforesaid to them and their successors forever. In Testimony whereof we have caused these our Letters to be made Patent and the Great Seal of our said Province of New Jersey to be hereinto Affixed Witnesses of our Trusty and Wellbeloved. Jonathan Belcher Esq. Our Captain General and Governor in Chief in and over our Province of Nova Cesarea of New Jersey and Territories thereon depending in America Chancellor & Vice Admiral in the same &c at our City of Burlington in our said province the fourth day of Aprile in the twenty Second Year of our Reign Dom. MDCCXLIX [Charles]
Read [Secretary of the Province].
The version of the document bears the following: Let the Great Seal of the Province of New Jersey be affixed to the within Letters Patent. To the Secretary of the
(signed) Jn Belcher. Province of New Jersey
Total Words – 477 (not including title)
Conclusion
As part of the 250th celebration of the Charter of Bernardston in 2010, a search was done to locate what could be a copy of the original charter. In what’s known as the Commissions Book in Trenton, NJ on pages 240-241 is a recorded transcript of the original Bernardston Charter along with the appropriate recording fees (later pages).
Based on our research, the Bernardston Charter of 1760 was destroyed in a fire at the Bernards Township Clerk’s residence in 1850. All representative documents since are replicas of what the Charter might have looked like. But then again……Bedminster’s Charter was found! Not only was it found, but it’s also very clear now that all three documents followed a simple and often copied template. Funny how that works. This is why it was really quite easy to recreate the Bernardston Charter.
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